高燮诗学思想与诗歌创作初探

高燮在南社中是较有诗学根柢者，对诗之本质与功能有较清醒的认识，对诗学承传与宏扬抱有热诚希望。其诗学思想主要有：诗能影响政治；诗人要有真性情，但要防“率”与“浅”；诗人要有学问，方能彰显文采；诗之外要有事；才与学相互促进；还须讲究法，法依赖才，才来自学；诗言难言之隐，难尽之情；诗语言力求雅驯；关于学诗途径，反对家数之说：以理性态度正确看待同光体。这些见解大多数是针对南社在发展过程中出现的一些偏颇与缺失而发的，表现一位学人应有的正直品质与独立思考的勇气。高燮的诗内容广泛，感时诗哀愤沉著，山水诗清爽飞动，咏物诗寓意深沉，咏怀诗沉郁绵邈，题赠诗亲切真诚，缅怀悼念诗沉挚悲郁，莫不真情朴茂。既有渊雅格调，又有时代气息，合唐诗之雄放、宋诗之峭健为一体。峻洁而无尘滓气、蔬笋气，清雅爽净。

The Preliminary Study of Gao Xie's Poetic Thought and Poetic Creation

Gao Xie is a well-grounded poet of the Southern Society. He has a clear understangding about the essence and the function of the poem, and holds a zealous hope about the inheritance and dissemination of the poem. His poetic thoughts mainly are： the poem may influence politics;the poet should have genuine temperament and prevent ＂curtness＂and ＂superficiality＂; the poet should have knowledge,so they can show literary grace; the poem should have nonego; the talent and learning can promote mutually; the poet should consider the standard of the poem, which is dependent on the talent that is rooted in learning; the poem can depict the undescribable things and inexplainable affection; the language of the poem strives for elegance and correctitude; his opinions concerning the approach to learn poems, oppose the theory restrained in certain poets; and a rational attitude should be taken toward the school of Tongguang. These opinions were brought forward mainly to aim at the prejudice and default which appeared in the development of the Southern Society, representing an intellectual＇s rightness and the courage of independent thinking. Gao Xie＇s poems have extensive content,for example, the affecting poems being plaintive and imperturbable, the landscape poems refreshing and agile, the arioso poems deeply reposed, singing of unburdening heart poems depressed and remote,the dedicating poems cordial and frankly, the monody poems sincere and mournful, imbued with his true feelings.His poems include both the elegant style and the era tone, syncretizing Tang＇s boldness and Song＇s vigorousness in a whole and are sheer without earthliness, permeating with cleanness and elegance.