“X侠”构式的演化与认知机制

基于构式语法理论,文章梳理出"X侠"构式的典型构式义和非典型构式义。其形成和演化机制与"侠"字字形体势的演变、"侠"的语素化以及基于语用的类推有关。该构式在句中主要充当宾语,较少充当主语和定语。"X侠"构式的变项"X"以双音节名词为主。"X侠"构式具有主观性评价功能,最近发展出了讽刺、批判等语用色彩。此外,"X侠"构式的认知机制是变项"X"与"侠"分别构成的概念空间整合而成的结果,包括单向型概念整合和双向型概念整合。

The Evolution and Cognitive Mechanism of the “X Xia( 侠) ”Construction

Based on the theory of construction grammar,this paper identifies the typical and atypical contractual meanings of“X Xia”.Its formation and evolution mechanism are related to the evolution of the character shape of“Xia”,the morpheme of“Xia”and the analogy based on pragmatics.This construction mainly serves as the object in the sentence,but less so as a subject and an attribute.The variable“X”of the“X Xia”construction is mainly disyllabic nouns.The construction of“X Xia”has the function of subjective evaluation and has recently developed pragmatic uses,such as sarcasm and criticism.Also,its cognitive mechanism is the result of the integration of concept spaces formed by variables“X”and“Xia”,including one-way concept integration and two-way concept integration.