煤灰渣中显微组分微量元素的微区分析

煤燃烧以后，许多有毒性的微量元素富集在煤灰渣中，如处理或利用不当，就有可能造成污染。因此，研究这些毒性元素在煤燃烧产物中的分布规律，对防治由此引起的环境问题，具有重要的理论和实际意义。本文首次尝试运用扫描电子显微镜分析了煤灰渣的各主要显微组分中微量元素的分布特征，结果表明，Ｐｂ，Ｓｅ，Ａｓ，Ｚｎ等挥发性强的元素随玻璃微珠粒度变细有浓度增加趋势，粗微珠与实心微珠则Ｂａ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｆｅ、Ｔｉ等造岩元素浓度较高；磁珠组成复杂；碎屑石英显得较干净。有机组分中未燃煤粒的元素组成有复杂化倾向，而未熔炭、结构炭、空心炭和网状炭等残炭随燃烧程度的增高，Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｐｂ、Ｓ等挥发性元素浓度降低或检测不出。

A Microarea Analysis of Minor Elements in Macerals of Coal Combustion Residues

Eighteen minor elements in macerals of coal combustion residues have been systematically investigated using SEM, EDS and WDS. Volatile elements, sush as Pb, Se, As, Zn, increase as grains of cenosphere change from coarse to fine , while Ba, K, Ca, Fe, Ti are high in coarse cenosphere. Magnetic sphere is complex in element composition, but quartz fragment is simple. Elements in coal grain show a trend of complication. However, volatile elements, such as As, Se, Pb, S in unburnt carbon, decrease or cannot be detected as combustion increseas.