英美法系民事证据 开示制度检视及其启示

证据开示制度形成于19世纪的英国，1938年美国《联邦民事诉讼规则》对其进行法典化，此后便备受各国重视。对民事证据开示制度的基本内涵进行了界定，并指出其制度功能在于防止证据突袭、收集和固定证据、明确争点和促进审前和解。通过追溯英、美两国民事证据开示制度产生和发展的历程，并从证据开示的范围、限制、方式以及制裁等方面，对英美民事证据开示制度的运作现状进行考察，最终得出完善我国证据交换制度的启示，即可从进行交换的证据范围、证据交换的例外及形式、违反证据交换程序的制裁措施等方面进行优化。

Inspection and Enlightenment of Civil Evidence Discovery System in Anglo-American Law System

Evidence discovery system was formed in the 19th century in Britain. The American Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938 made the system codified and since then it has attracted the attention of all countries. The article defines the basic connotation of the civil evidence discovery system and points out that its function is to prevent evidence attack, to collect and fix evidence, to clear controversial points and to promote the reconciliation before the trial. By tracing the progress of the emergence and development of the British and American civil evidence discovery system, and investigating its operation present situation from the evidence discovery system''s scope, restrictions, modes and sanctions, the article finally draws inspiration to improve China''s evidence exchange system, in that we can optimize the system from the scope of evidence exchanged, exceptions and forms of evidence exchange system, sanctions against violations of evidence exchange procedure.