休闲娱乐活动参与缓解了我国老年人健康脆弱性吗?

基于我国人口老龄化和老年健康问题日趋严峻的基本现实，文章聚焦老年人健康脆弱性问题，利用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey， CLHLS）数据，构建结构方程模型，考察休闲娱乐活动参与对老年人健康脆弱性的影响。研究结果显示，参与休闲娱乐活动既能直接缓解老年人健康脆弱性，又能通过提高老年人的自评健康水平来减轻其健康脆弱性，并且存在“休闲娱乐活动→健康水平→生理健康脆弱性→心理健康脆弱性” 等多重中介路径。同时，休闲娱乐活动参与在缓解城市老年人生理健康脆弱性方面作用更为显著，对缓解镇区和乡村两个区域老年人的心理健康脆弱性效果更佳。在此基础上，应重点完善城市区域公共休闲场所适老化建设，建立镇区和乡村区域老年心理干预体系，完善普惠性养老服务体系，缩小城乡差距。

Do leisure and recreational activities participation alleviate the health vulnerability of older adults in China?

Based on the fundamental reality of China’s aging population and the increasingly severe health problems among older adults，this study focuses on the health vulnerability of older adults to construct a structural equation model to investigate the impact of leisure and recreational participation on the health vulnerability of the older adults based on the data from 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey （CLHLS）. The results show that participation in leisure and recreational activities can directly alleviate the health vulnerability of the older adults and reduce their health vulnerability by improving the self-assessed health level. There are multiple intermediary pathways such as“leisure and recreational activity → health level →physical health vulnerability → mental health vulnerability”. At the same time，participation in leisure and recreation activities plays a more prominent role in alleviating the physical health vulnerability of urban older adults. It is more effective in alleviating the mental health vulnerability of the older adults in townships and rural areas. On this basis，the article proposes to focus on improving the aging construction of urban regional public leisure places，establishing psychological intervention systems for older adults in townships and rural areas，and improving the inclusive pension service system，therefore narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas.