民国农村产妇分娩救助——以新型女性医疗照顾者为中心

对民国农村产妇的分娩救助,主要以培训与普及新型女性医疗照顾者为中心来展开.有识之士在农村努力扩充助产士,以其全新"医学化"的接产形态,建构农村妇婴卫生事业建设的主要趋向."本地化"路线下的旧式产婆改造,以借力之法,实现新旧嫁接,将本处于淘汰之列的产婆群体重新纳入正规助产职业者的行列中."外行化"理念下的助产妇培训,以扩大训练范围为宗旨,进一步充实了农村基层分娩卫生系统的基础.三种模式相互叠加,对当时妇婴卫生的改良发挥了重要的作用.

Salvation to Rural Delivery Women in the Republic of China: Centering on New Female Medical Minders

In the Republic of China,salvation to rural delivery women was mainly centered on training new female medical minders.In rural areas,people of insight strived to expand new midwives in number and carried out the construction of maternal and child health services depending on their new "medicalized" way of midwifery.Taking the route of "localization",traditional midwives reform realized the grafting of the new and the old,bringing traditional midwives,who was on the verge of elimination,back into the group of professionals.Guided by the idea of "deprofessionalization",midwives training aimed at expanding training range,consolidating the basis of delivery care system in rural grass roots.This three patterns overlaid with each other and played an important role in improving maternal and child health services of the period.