孟子语言哲学思想发微

孟子继承了孔子的正名路线，从名实关系的角度指出“弑君”与“诛一夫纣”的不同，从而肯定了“诛一夫纣”的正当性和合法性；他注意到语言是社会的产物，环境能够影响人的语言，客观上触及到了语言与世界的关系这一语言哲学的根本问题；提出了“言无实不祥”、“言近而指远”两大判别语言好坏的标准；并通过“知言养气”说将其语言哲学与人格修养论辩证地联接起来。质言之，孟子语言哲学所凸显的是其道德实用主义倾向及其语用学旨趣。

Discussion on Mencius' Language Philosophy

Mencius succeeds to Confucius ＆ Route of Rectification of Names, and points out the difference between murdering the monarch and killing a tyrant like Zhou, thus he confirms the validity and legitimacy of killing a tyrant like Zhou. He pays attention to the fact that language is the product of society and the environment can effect language of human being, which has touched the relationship of language and the world that is the fundamental problem of language philosophy. He puts forward two standards of distinguishing the good or bad language. Moreover, Mencius connects his philosophy of language with his theory of personality training dialectically by his doctrine of ＂knowing language and nurturing force （Qi）＂. In essence, Mencius＇ philosophy of language highlights the tendency of moral pragmatism and the significance of pragmatics