牧歌与挽歌的变奏——《边城》悲剧结局再探

沈从文的《边城》以独特的审美视域和抒情笔调,展现了清新幽美的自然环境,和谐淳朴的乡土生活,善良美好的人情人性。这一牧歌式的文体风格在中国现代文学史上有不可替代的美学价值。《边城》结局突然脱离了牧歌的主旋律,急转直下奏出“死亡”气息浓厚的挽歌,落差形成了强烈的叙事张力,造成审美的陌生化效果。悲剧结局的原因既有乡村女性难以摆脱的宿命阴影,也折射出沈从文复杂矛盾的女性观。

Variations of Madrigal and Elegy: a Reex amination of the Tragic Ending of Border Town

The Border Town , with its unique aesthetic vision and lyrical tone, shows a fresh and beautiful natural environment, a harmonious and simple rural life, and kind and beautiful human nature. This pastoral style has irreplaceable aesthetic value in the history of modern Chinese literature. However, the ending of The Border Town suddenly deviates from the main theme of the pastoral and turns to elegies with a strong sense of “death”, forming a strong narrative tension and resulting in an aesthetic strangeness effect. The reason s for the tragic ending are not only the shadow of destiny that rural women can ’t get rid of, but also author’s complex and contradictory view of women.