跨界地下水国际立法的发展趋势及对我国的启示

跨界地下水国际立法经过漫长的发展历程,目前呈现出一些新的发展趋势,主要体现为:软法性文件推进着跨界地下水国际立法议程,在该议程中水资源一体化管理的理念逐渐得到体现和遵循,跨界地下水专门性立法和跨界含水层管理机构的建立也受到前所未有的重视。鉴于此,我国应尽快将跨界地下水的开发、利用和保护纳入立法议程,并在相关国际、国内立法中遵循一体化管理的原则。同时,针对跨界含水层的特殊性和复杂性,我国应进行跨界专门性地下水立法,并建立专门的跨界含水层管理机构,以此促进跨界地下水资源的可持续利用和生态环境的保护。

The Trend of International Legislation on Transboundary Groundwater and Its Inspiration on China

After the long development process,the international legislation on transboundary groundwater currently appears a new trend which is mainly shown as follows: first,soft law documents promote the legislative agenda of the international transboundary groundwater;second,the concept of integrated management is reflected and followed gradually;third,the specialized legislation on transboundary groundwater and the management institution building on transboundary aquifers has also been paid unprecedented attention to.In view of this,China should put the development,utilization and protection of groundwater into the legislative agenda,and follow the principles of integrated management in the relevant international and domestic legislation.Meanwhile,China should make special legislation for the particularity and complexity of the transboundary aquifers and establish the special management institutions of transboundary aquifers so as to promote the sustainable use of transboundary groundwater resources and ecological environment protection.