人文主义文学与理性自觉

近代理性精神是从文艺复兴时期人们从宗教禁欲主义思想禁锢中解放出来,开始以人权对抗神权时萌芽的。随着新兴的资产阶级的成长和发展,这种理性精神也在逐渐地从自发走向自觉。但它从产生时起就具有自身的悖论:第一,它是伴随着人性的发现而产生,因而就不可避免和人的自然情欲相连;第二,它表现出了对于知识的过分信赖,进而演化成技术理性统治一切、抹杀了人的完整统一性;第三,它带来了个性主体的过分膨胀。

Humanism literature and rational consciousness

Modern rational spirit was mainly developed in the period of Renaissance when people were liberated form the religion asceticism and began to confront theological authority with human rights. It gradually became a consciousness with the growth and development of the bourgeois. However, it possessed some paradoxes at the time when it was formed. First, it was developed accompanying the discovery of human nature, thus it can not avoid the contact with human's natural sexual passion. Secondly, it presented a heavy reliance on knowledge, so it developed into a technical logos, which is believed to rule everything, thus, human integrality and unity are totally ignored. Thirdly, it also brings forth the excessive expansion of individual subject.