生物在综合减灾体系中的作用与三态管理

作为综合减灾体系中的一个重要组成部分,生物在自然灾害预测、防灾、抗灾、救灾等工作中都发挥着不可低估的作用。通过管理措施使生物的减灾作用得到系统整合与效应强化,可改进减灾工作的效率与效果。该文从自然规律、变化与人类愿望、需求的联系的角度揭示了自然灾害与生物减灾“行为”的本质;提出了基态(原态、第一态、自然态)、中间态(第二态、影响态)与结合态(第三态、控制态)的生物减灾作用管理理念,以及第一态零干预,“无为而治”,第二态软技术干预、间接调整,第三态组织、控制的技术途径。文章同时提出了时空结构中以周期性瞬态为参照的自然灾害生物应变分析方法。

The Biology Functions in the Integrated Disaster Reduction System and Three States of the Management

Being an important part of the integrated disaster reduction system,living things play the roles that cannot be underestimated in the natural disaster forecast,prevention,resistance,rescue and so on.With the help of management measures,the functions of living things in disaster reduction are systematically integrated and strengthened,which can improve the efficiency and effect of disaster reduction work.In view of the relationship between the natural change and the human desire,this paper gives an understanding to the essence of the natural disaster and the living things "behavior" in disaster reduction,and proposes the idea of three states management of the living things function in disaster reduction.The three states include the basic state(the original state,the first state,the natural state),the middle state(the second state,the influenced state) and the union state(the third state,the control state).The corresponding technical ways are zero intervention in the first state,soft technical intervention and indirect adjustment in the second state,and organization and control in the third states.When analyzing the living things response to the natural disasters,it should take the "periodic transient state" as the contrast in the spatio-temporal structure.