明代中日朝贡贸易探析

自秦汉以来，中日就相互之间就有了各种往来。从历史发展上看，隋唐时期的中日交流主要是在政治制度方面，宋元时期的中日交流主要是在宗教文化方面，明代的中日交流则主要是在经济贸易方面，且主要体现在官方的朝贡贸易，且主要以日本向明朝称臣纳贡的勘合贸易形式进行。这种朝贡贸易虽然促进了中日双方文化交流，但日本获益更大，明廷虽然通过这种贸易交流在一定程度上减缓了东南沿海的侵乱威胁，满足了“天朝上国”的虚荣心理，但不计经济效益的赏赐却加重了国力负担，激发了国内矛盾。

Tributary Trade between China and Japan in the Ming Dynasty

China and Japan have begun to contact since the Qin and Han Dynasties.According to historical evidence,the exchange is mainly about political system during the Sui and Tang Dynasties,and during the Song and Yuan Dynasties,the exchange is mainly about religion and culture.Economy and trade are the major forms of exchange in the Ming Dynasty,mainly with Japan paying tribute to the Ming Dynasty.Although this tributary trade has promoted cultural exchange between the two countries,Japan has gained more from it.With this trade,threat from Japan to China’s southeast coast is somewhat lessened,and the vanity of the Ming Imperial Court is satisfied.However,the reward,regardless economic effect,has weakened Ming’s national power,and aroused domestic contradictions.