从“后常规科学”看环境风险治理的技治主义误区

传统的环境风险治理，主要采取的是基于“常规科学”方法的技治主义模式，旨在以“技术统治论”寻求关于风险的确定性、真理性的科学结论。当前，科学已经进入“后常规”时代，环境风险的不确定性和复杂性程度极大提高，原有的“常规科学”方法已经在某种程度上失去其合理性，技治主义治理模式的弊端和局限性日益显现。应充分认识“后常规科学”的特点，适当调整权威式、中心式的精英决策过程，超越技治主义误区，建构多元开放型的科学家-政府-公众联合治理模式，才能真正提高环境风险治理的实效。

On the Plight of Technocracy in Environmental Risk Management from Post-normal Science Perspective

The traditional way to deal with environmental risks is technocracy with the basic method of normal science.With the increasing uncertainty and complexity of environmental risks under the background of big science,the technocracy has been unable to respond effectively to environmental challenges.However,the current environmental risk management still sticks to normal science,and technocracy has been the governance model,causing the increasingly apparent drawbacks and limitations.Therefore,from the post-normal science perspective,we should go beyond the technocracy and establish a system of cooperation among scientists,government and the public in order to improve the effectiveness of environmental risk management.