普遍伦理如何可能?——犹太民族与中华民族的经验及其启示

犹太教社会的伦理,通常称之为宗教伦理;与此对应,中国宋代以后社会的伦理,我们可以将其叫做宗族伦理。在犹太教中,伦理的实现主要是通过各种律法,比如摩西十诫;在中国宋代以后的社会,这种律法即体现为族训和族规。换言之,这样一种伦理与法律密切相关,符合伦理的生活也就是符合法律的生活。同时,这样一种亦伦亦法的生活准则又通过教育得到落实。普遍伦理只有在法律和教育的担保下才能够实现或成为可能。这样一种伦理的真实性与合理性已为犹太民族的历史经验和中华民族的历史经验所证明。

How Could the Universal Ethics Be Possible——Experience and Inspiration of the Jews and Chinese Nation

The ethics of the Judaist society is usually called the religious ethics, and the correspondingly, the social ethics of China after the Sung dynasty can be called as the clan ethics. In Judaism, the ethics is realized mainly through laws and statutes such as the Ten Commandments; in the Chinese society, the kinds of laws and statutes express as the clan disciplines and instructions. In other words, the kind of ethics is closely related to the law, and the life in line with the ethics is a life in line with law. Meanwhile, the kind of living principle is carried out through education. The universal ethics can only be realized with the guarantee of law and education, and the authenticity and rationality of the ethics have been proved by the historical experiences of the Jews and Chinese nation.