南京国民政府行政院成立的历史考察

南京国民政府行政院是基于孙中山糅合西方民主思想与中国传统政治所形成的独特制度理念的具体实践。皇权崩溃后权威缺失的政治环境是新生制度成长的土壤，五权宪法是该机构成立的理论前提。国民党完成全国统一定都南京后，实行五权分立的训政制度，掌握国民政府最高行政权的行政院成立。行政院具有政治现代化的意愿，但受国民党政党组织与政治环境之局限，难以展现行政新气象。

Historical Survey on the Establishment of Executive Yuan of Nanjing National Government

The Executive Yuan was based on the concrete practice of Western democratic thoughts and Chinese traditional political factors. The unique political idea was formed through Sun Yat-sen. The political environment after the missing of imperial authority was the soil in the new system, and Sun Yat-sen＇s ＂Five-power Constitution＂ was the theoretic premise. After united China and made Nanjing the capital, the Political Tutelage （Xunzheng）system based on the idea of ＂Five-power Constitution＂ was established by KMT, and then, the Executive Yuan, as super administrative authority of the National Government, was formally founded. Executive Yuan had elements of political modernization, but by the limitations of party organization of KMT and political situation ,it was difficult to show new action.