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章学诚的语言哲学观
引用本文:周建刚.章学诚的语言哲学观[J].长沙电力学院学报,2009(1):62-67.
作者姓名:周建刚
作者单位:湖南省社会科学院哲学研究所,湖南长沙410003
摘    要:清代考据学的基本信念是“道在六经”,方法则为“由训诂以通义理”,即以语言文字的释义以通达“六经之道”。章学诚与清代考据学的分歧主要是在语言观方面,一方面章学诚认为,“言与意”有时而背离,“通其辞”之外还必须“通作者之心志”;另一方面,章学诚认为六经语言的本性是象征性的,《易》之象和《诗》之比、兴“兼通六艺”,因此当“因象而求道”而非“因言而求道”。章学诚的语言观与历史上的道家、禅宗、心学的语言现存在着一定的思想脉络关系。

关 键 词:章学诚  语言观  言意  象辞

The Philosophical Implication of Zhang Xuecheng's View of Language
ZHOU Jian-gang.The Philosophical Implication of Zhang Xuecheng's View of Language[J].Journal of Changsha University of Electric Power(Social Science),2009(1):62-67.
Authors:ZHOU Jian-gang
Institution:ZHOU Jian-gang (Hunan Provincial Academy of Social Sicence ,Institute of Philosophy Studies, Changsha 410003, China)
Abstract:Textual scholars in Qing Dynasty believed that " the six classics contained Dao", their fundamental method being textual study through the interpretation of Chinese characters. The basic divergence between Zhang Xuecheng and textual scholars lay in their different views of language. On the one hand, Zhang Xuecheng held that meaning sometimes goes beyond words, therefore textual research should pay more attention to the author's inner world rather than only concentrate on linguistic analysis. On the other hand, Zhang held that the characteristic of language of six classics lay in its symbolic images. As the icons in the Book of Changes and the figurative usage of language of analogy and free association the Book of Songs are closely related to the six classics, then he insisted on the idea of "seeking the Dao through icenicity" rather than "seeking Dan through words". Zhang Xuecheng's view of language has certain associations with Daoism, Zen Buddhism and Yang Ming mind theories.
Keywords:Zhang Xuecheng  View of Language  Language and Meaning  Image and Word
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