我们怎样进行道德评价

几乎任何一种道德规范都是他律性与自律性的统一，由此可论定：“合于道德”同“出于道德”的行为都具有道德价值，在对这些行为进行道德评价时，合于道德的效果，出于道德的动机，都是评价根据中的要素。然而自觉主动地出于道德而行动，比消极被动地合于道德而行动，更能体现出道德特有的自律性质，因而更具有道德价值。作为体现着道德特殊性质，决定着评价对象的道德价值程度的评价根据，应把是否出于道德动机视为评价根据系统中根本的、主导方面的、第一性的质，而把不自觉地、被动地仅仅客观上合于道德的行为效果视为从属的、第二性的质。用系统论的语言概括就是，动机的系统质高于效果的系统质。

How to make Moral Evaluation

Almost every moral norm is unity of autonomy and heteronomy. When we make evaluation on people's conduct, effects complying with moral and motives resulting from moral are elements to make evaluation. However conduct coming positively from moral is better to embody the autonomous property of moral than conduct passively complying with moral. Thus the former is more of moral value. In the evaluation standards of embodying special moral properties and judging moral values of evaluation objects, the fundamental standard is moral motive, the second standard is conduct effect. Motive ranks higher than effect in moral system.