校长在一流大学形成中的作用——以清华大学为例

校长的个人经历和时代特征对其为人行事风格有很大影响，同时，校长的这些特征对一个大学风格和传统的形成又发挥着重要的作用。那么，在“一流大学”的形成中，校长的哪些特质，起到了重要作用呢？通过历史个案研究，把高等教育研究领域中对“校长”的研究，放入更广阔的时代大背景中来进行解析。以清华大学历史上两位有重要影响力的校长个案，透视“学者型校长”梅贻琦和“政治家型校长”蒋南翔的个人经历、所处时代的特征，分析与其实践成就间的关系，试图发现校长在“一流大学”形成过程中，发挥作用的一些根本性和独特性的东西。

The Role a President Plays in the Formation of a Top University --Taking Tsinghua University as an Example

The personal experience and the characteristics of a specific era may exert great influence on a university president in his performance and administration style, which in turn produce effects on the formation of the style and tradition of a university. Then what personal traits of a president play a crucial role in building a top university？ In this paper, the author tries to put the research on university presidents into a broader historical context with an analysis of specific cases. And in order to reveal the essential and unique elements by which a president may contribute to the shaping and development of a top university, the author examines and compares the personal experiences of President Mei Yi-qi, a scholar, and Jiang Nan-xiang, a politician, who both played a significant role in Tsinghua＇ s history and the characteristics of the age when they lived.