农村普惠保险服务乡村振兴的成效与未来路径

随着2020年我国脱贫攻坚战取得胜利,“三农”工作重心已全面转移至乡村振兴,2024年中央一号文件指出要锚定建设农业强国目标,推进乡村全面振兴。乡村振兴,金融先行,农村普惠保险在政府政策性支持下通过市场化运作,可为农业、农民、农村提供合理有效的风险保障。基于农村普惠保险服务乡村振兴的机制分析,通过走访调研江苏省4家保险公司,分别从服务产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕共5个方面凝练了农村普惠保险的具体创新举措。在此基础上,测度江苏省13个市的乡村振兴水平发现,各市的乡村振兴水平都稳步提升且差距明显缩小。进一步利用系统GMM回归方法检验发现,农村普惠保险发展对江苏省乡村振兴的整体影响显著为正,但对5个维度的具体影响不一,其中对产业兴旺、生态宜居的影响最为明显,对其余3个维度的影响还需进一步加强。在此基础上,提出农村普惠保险服务好江苏省乡村振兴的5条未来路径:控制农业生产风险稳定农民收入、缓解农村产业融资约束助力产业升级、提升农民生活保障服务乡村民生、设计绿色保险产品和机制实现绿色生态发展、参与农村治理提升乡风文明。

The Effect and Future Path of Rural Inclusive Insurance Service for Rural Revitalization

With the success of China’s poverty alleviation in 2020, the focus of the work of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” has been comprehensively shifted to rural revitalization. The No.1 Document of Central Party Committee in 2024 pointed out that the goal of building an agricultural power should be anchored and the comprehensive rural revitalization should be promoted. Finance is a strong support for rural revitalization. Rural inclusive insurance under the support of government policy through market-oriented operation can provide effective risk protection for agriculture, farmers and rural areas. On the basis of theoretical analysis of the mechanism of rural inclusive insurance serving rural revitalization, we investigated four insurance companies in Jiangsu province and summarized the innovative measures of rural inclusive insurance service to build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity. The entropy weight method and entropy weight TOPSIS method are used to measure the rural revitalization level of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province. It is found that the level of rural revitalization in all cities has been steadily improved and the gap is obviously narrowing. Then using the systematic GMM regression method, it is found that the development of rural inclusive insurance has a significant positive impact on the rural revitalization of Jiangsu Province. However, the impact on the specific five dimensions is different, among which the impact on thriving businesses and pleasant living environments is the most obvious, and the impact on the other three dimensions needs to be further strengthened. Finally, we put forward five paths of rural inclusive insurance to serve the rural revitalization of Jiangsu Province including controlling agricultural production risks to stabilize farmers’ income, easing rural industry financing constraints to help industrial upgrading, improving farmers’ living security to serve livelihood, designing more green insurance products and mechanisms to achieve green ecological development and participating in rural governance to improve rural culture.