经济增长的结构分解与劳动力省际配置效率的测算——基于改进的经济增长率分解法

针对部分学者在运用经济增长率分解法时存在的误区,对现有经济增长率分解法进行改进,推导出多因素指数分解的一般公式,并利用这一原理测算出1978—2013年期间中国劳动力资源的省际配置效率,结果表明:改革开放30多年来,中国经济的高速增长主要依靠劳动生产率的提高与劳动力投入总量的增长,在只考虑有户籍变动的劳动力跨省迁移的前提下,劳动力省际配置结构变动对经济增长的贡献相对有限,总体配置效率较低;只有当市场机制在劳动力资源配置过程中逐渐发挥主导作用或当劳动力资源转向相对短缺时,劳动力省际配置效率才有显著提高。

Structure Decomposition of Economic Growth and Efficiency Measurement of Labor Allocation among Provinces:Based on Improved Decomposition Method of Economic Growth Rate

The paper starts from the improvement of the decomposition method for economic growth rate ,derives the general decomposition formula for multi-factor index,and then makes use of this principle to calculate the inter-provincial allocation efficiency of labor resources in China from 1978 to 2013.The results show that during more than 30 years since reform and opening up,the rapid growth of China's economy mainly relies on the improvement of labor productivity and increase of labor input quantity;changes of the labor allocation structure of inter-provincial make little contribution to the economic growth if only labor migration with changes of census registers is considered,and the overall allocation efficiency is increased only when the phenomenon of labor shortage occurs and when market mechanism is gradually play a leading role in the process of labor resource allocation.