释义学与心理学的方法论变革

主流心理学表现出经验主义、个体主义和普适主义的方法论特征。这些特征给心理学的发展带来了诸多的困境,表现在心理学的破碎和分裂、引发科学心理学和人文心理学两种文化的冲突和与社会文化的脱节。释义学提供了一种不同于经验实证主义的科学观的方法论,其质化的研究方法更适合心理现象的探讨。同时,释义学对理解的文化历史背景的强调对于克服心理学中的个体主义和普适主义也具有积极的意义。

Hermeneutics and the Methodological Transformation of Psychology

Mainstream psychology is featured as empiricism, individualism and universalism in methodology, which resulted in dilemmas for psychology. The fraction and disintegration of psychology, the conflicts of the scientism and humanism in psychology, and the detachment from its culture are the three manifestations of the dilemmas. Hermeneu-tics shows a different methodology from the empiricist-positivist's. Its qualitative research method is more suitable for the study of psychology than the empiricist-positivist's quantitative one. Hermeneutics grounds understanding in histori-cal and cultural contexts, which would help in efforts to overcome individualism and universalism in psychology.