认知图景与句法、语义成分

句法和语义是语法的两个重要方面,研究者对它们之间的关系已经达成了一个共识,即:语义结构决定句法结构.但是似乎忽略了一个最基本的东西:语义结构又是从哪里来的?本文以几个个案为例,试图通过认知图景来解释语义与句法的一些问题.文章认为,语义结构实际上是由认知图景决定的;但是,认知图景对丰富复杂的句子的变化形式的解释是不充分的,解释相关现象需要借助其他理论.

The Cognitive Scene and the Syntactic, Semantic Elements

Syntax and semantics are two important aspects of grammar.As for their relationship,researchers share the view that the semantic structure shapes the syntactic one.However,a key problem seems to have been neglected:where does the semantic structure come from?With a few illustrative cases,this paper aims to resolve some semantic and syntactic problems on the basis of the cognitive scene.It comes to a conclusion that the semantic structure is actually based on the cognitive scene.But cognitive scene is inadequate to explain the variations of sentence.Other theories need to be introduced to understand the relevant phenomena.