Biosafety与Biosecurity:同一理论框架下的两个不同概念

生物安全是指防止由生物技术及微生物危险物质引起的生物危害,或者说是指防治生物技术及微生物生物污染。虽然biosafety与biosecurity都被称作生物安全,但biosafety强调的是防止非故意引起的生物技术及微生物生物危害,biosecurity则是指主动地采取措施防止故意的,如窃取及滥用生物技术及微生物危险物质引起的生物危害。一个将biosafety和biosecurity中割裂的各个部分以专题(生物技术安全、实验室生物安全、农林畜业及食品安全、危险病原体及生化毒素的管理、流行病及公共健康管理、生物武器管制与生物战的预防)的形式综合起来,使它们更有效率更有成效的、广泛的、可全球共享的生物安全理论框架已成为必需。

Biosafety and Biosecurity:Two Different Words,One Conceptual Framework

Although both used to express the methods to prevent the biohazards in biotechnology and microbiology area,there are still differences between preventing an unintended release into the environment(referred to as "biosafety") and preventing abuse or theft(referred to as "biosecurity") of the biotechnological or microbial hazards.A wide and world shared conceptual framework that integrates sectoral notions of "biosafety" and "biosecurity" is required in order for each sector(modern biotechnology,laboratory biosafety and biosecurity,agriculture and food safety,pathogens and toxins control,epidemic and public health management,bioweapons control and biowar preventing) that addresses them to be efficient and effective.