基于消费支出比例的最低生活保障线研究

消费支出比例法具有经济分享、计算简单、调整方便、易于操作的优势,比较适合我国当前的国情。分析发现,中心城市的替代率可以定在0.2～0.35间,地市级城市可以定在0.2～0.4间。农村地区目前不适合采用消费支出比例法计算低保标准。消费支出比例法计算低保标准具有自动调整特征。若低保标准和当地人均消费支出的比例关系在一年内发生变化,第二年将自动调整。现有条件下低保标准的临时价格补贴可以盯住物价,当CPI连续3个月上涨达到或超过3%时可启动临时价格补贴机制。

A Research of Minimum Living Standard Line Based on Expenditure Percentile

Expenditure percentile method has advantages of social sharing,simple calculation,easy adjustment and operation comparing with other poverty line calculation method.It is more suitable for the current situation in China.We found that the interval of substitution rate for centre city should be 20 percent to 35 percent,and prefecture-level city should be 20 percent to 40 percent.It is not suitable to use expenditure method to calculate minimum living standard in rural areas now.The expenditure percentile method can be adjusted automatically.If the percentile relation between local average expenditure and minimum living standard had changed next year,it will be adjusted automatically.The temporary price subsidy can link with commodity price,when CPI increases over 3 percent for three consecutive months,the temporary consumption price subsidies(TCPS) mechanism will be triggered automatically