论原初事实与制度性事实

＂事实＂是一个重要的框架性概念。凡能够使得某陈述为真的任何东西都是事实。对事实的表达离不开陈述,但事实并不是陈述;事实也不是事物自身。原初事实是独立于人类制度而存在的事实;制度性事实的核心要素是集体意向性。集体意向性并不能为其所指向的对象增添任何物理的、化学的或生物的特征,它唯一增添的是地位功能,而这种地位功能又必须要有原初事实作为其载体。虽然任何事实都是客观的,但原初事实与制度性事实的客观性却有所不同。

On Brute Facts and Institutional Facts

＂Fact＂ is an important ＂framework＂ concept.All entities that can make a statement be true are facts.The expression of facts is dependent upon statements,but a fact in itself is not a statement,nevertheless a fact is not a thing-in-itself.All entities that are independent of institutions are brute facts,and the essential factor of institutional fact is collective intentionality.Though collective intentionality that direct to an object can not add any physical,chemic or biologic feature to the object,it really can add status functions to that object,and all status functions must rest on some brute facts.In spite of the fact that all facts are objective,the objectivity of institutional facts is different from that of brute facts.