东方旅行社与关内外通车问题--《塘沽协定》善后疑案之一

“九一八”事变后,东方旅行社成立。因为涉及是否事实上承认伪满洲国,所以,对东方旅行社的成立,国民政府一直采取低调处理的方针,并力图避免新闻媒体对其关注,对外则称是中国旅行社张水淇个人行为。但是东方旅行社的成立是国民政府一手策划,委托上海商业储蓄银行的附属事业中国旅行社与日方合组的,政治意义高于商业意义。本文根据一些未刊档案和其他相关资料,对东方旅行社的成立和影响进行分析,以求教于学术界。

A Doubtful Case after "Tanggu Pact": An Analysis of the Relationship between Oriental Travel Agency and Traffic through the Shanhai Pass

Oriental Travel Agency was an institution established after the "September 18" event in 1931. Superficially,the national government of RC(Republic of China) showed little concern to the establishment of Oriental Travel Agency and tried best to avoid the media's focus on it, and even declared it as Zhang Shuiqi' s individual business. But in fact, Oriental Travel Agency was a joint venture between Japan and Travel Agency of China,a subsidiary of Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank. That is to say, the establishment of Oriental Travel Agency was totally planned and prepared by the national government of RC. The reason why the RC national government performed in such a way lied in the fact that the problem of the traffic through the Shanhai Pass was a problem whether the RC government would recognize the puppet Manchuria as a legal regime. Consequently,Oriental Travel Agency was rather a political conduct than a commercial conduct. This essay is typical of the adoption of many archives unprinted.