论海洋管理中的政府职能及其配置

传统上将涉海管理对象作为设置政府机构并划分其职权范围的做法亟须转变,从维护公民权益、提供公共服务、增进公共福利的公共管理学视角来理解海洋管理是探讨现代政府海洋管理职能的基本思路。国家海洋管理的基本职责是提供海洋公共物品,包括维护海洋权益、维持海洋活动秩序、提供海洋公共服务品、推动海洋资源开发利用并保护海洋环境等。我国海洋行政管理体制的改革应该淡化"资源管理"、"海洋事业"等观念,正确理解综合管理等流行理念,摆脱狭隘的部门视角,真正从国家海洋管理的职责出发思考海洋管理的政府职能,结合我国实际情况调整政府机构的设置及其职能配置。

The Government Function and Allocation in Marine Management

Traditionally,we regarded the management object related to ocean as the standard to set up governmental departments and divide its functions,but now this practice needs to be changed.It is essential that when discussing the modern government’s functions in the marine management,we should understand it from the perspective of protecting civil rights,offering public services and improving public welfare.The basic responsibility of national marine management is to provide marine public goods,including safeguarding the marine rights and interests,maintaining the marine activity order,supplying the marine public goods,exploiting the marine resources and protecting the marine environment and so on.Therefore,the reform of marine administrative management system in China should play down the views of "resource management" or "marine program";meanwhile,we should understand exactly the prevalent opinions like "integrated management",get rid of the narrow departmental view,look at the governmental functions in marine management from the duty of marine management and adjust the set-up of governmental departments and its function allocation in the light of the actual conditions.