大数据背景下地方政府治理工具创新与选择

政府治理工具是指参与治理的各主体为了解决公共问题，实现一定治理目标，而采用的可辨别的行动机制或策略。地方政府治理工具的创新与选择对提升地方政府治理能力，推进国家治理体系现代化有着关键作用。大数据为地方政府治理带来挑战，传统治理工具逐渐失去了治理效应，但同时大数据也为地方政府治理工具创新提供了空间和路径，整体性工具、网络化工具、契约化工具等成为大数据时代治理工具创新发展方向与选择。根据不同治理工具特征，针对不同治理目标、制度环境、行动者等制约因素，可以对地方政府治理工具进行评估与最优化选择。

Innovation and Choice of Governance Tools of Local Government on the Background of Big Data Time

The tools of governance refer to the distinguishable action mechanisms or strategies adopted by the various subjects, which are involved in governance in order to solve public problems and achieve certain governance goals. The innovation and choice of the tools of governance is the key to enhance the governance capability of local governments and promote the modernization of national governance system. Big data bring challenges to local government governance, when it also provides space and path for local government to innovate the tools of governance. For a long time, people have studied the government tools, and formed a more rich management toolbox, which laid a foundation for choosing tools . Holistic tools, networking tools, contract chemicals and so on are the main directions of innovation for local governments in the era of big data. According to the characteristics of different governance tools, we can evaluate and optimize the tools, and then choose the best one.