当代西方政治学与马克思主义政治学之方法论比较

当代西方政治学在研究方法上呈现出一系列与传统方法根本不同的特征,即由以抽象概念为基础的形式分析转向以政治实践为基础的现实分析,由静态的线性逻辑分析转向动态的过程分析,既重视微观个体行为相互作用形成宏观政治活动方式的过程,又重视制度结构和组织模式对个体行为的约束和影响过程,就其积极意义来看,新方法具有较明显的唯物辩证倾向,并且从不同侧面间接承认了社会基本矛盾运动分析的方法。

A Methodological Comparison between Contemporary Western Politics and Marxist Politics

Compared with traditional method,contemporary western political science is showing its radically different characteristics in term of research approaches by turning from formal analysis based on abstract concepts to realistic analysis based on political practice and shifting from static logic analysis to dynamic proceeding analysis.This new method not only attaches importance to the process that microcosmic individuals constitute the macroscopical political movement mode but also pays attention to the process that systematical pattern restricts individual behavior.Observed from a positive aspect,this method clearly shows the materialistic and dialectic tendency,and indirectly admits the analytical way of social basic contradiction from different angles.