白居易佛学依止及其诗歌成就辩难

白居易在参差多姿的元和诗坛是一显例。他曾毫不含糊地以我佛弟子自命,并虔诚地升于堂,礼于床,跪而唱,泣而去,忠实地栖心释氏,却不能保证佛禅修习的得心见性,级质不高,进阶未远,之于佛学的依止不甚深,与此前的王维、同时代的刘禹锡,差距不可以道里计。个中原委,陈说成难。白氏痴于诗,迷于吟唱,常常连朝接夕,不自知其苦,从接受史考稽,白诗流播亦广远,许多篇什透着佛禅气息,传递出对人生高妙的感悟,然而学人之于白诗的总体评价不高,此又成白诗研究的学术难点。苏轼的为难情绪或许代表了选家的心态:不与饭俱咽,即与饭俱吐,真教人难能所以。析难辩难,大致有如下原因:一是其对于佛学信仰大多止于礼仪化,难窥堂奥;二是牵挂见多,用志歧纷,儒释均未得真谛,往往在达际思想中隐,穷时又急于兼济,进退失据,信仰无凭依;第三,白氏之于语言,尤其是诗歌语言的认识,与佛禅相去嫌远,其所执信、执着追求的八言不化、至哉八言等,早已落入禅家不屑的言筌;最后的原因更隐蔽些,虽不便缕析条陈,总觉与诗人的胸襟、志趣、操守有关联:史上白氏的好名、爱官职、爱富贵以及太过惜身,独怜自爱等等,似乎都无可厚非,然而就精神世界绝胜之境的营造建筑来说,很可能就是前前逝去,后后生起...

Difficulties in Recognizing Bai Juyi's Buddhist Features and His Achievements in Poetry

Bai Juyi was particular in Yuan Dynasty's poets circle.He affirmatively claimed that he was a Buddhist student and had been honestly following Sakyamuni,but actually he was a low level Buddhist student and did not reach the high stage in Buddhism,far behind Wang Wei before his time and Lu Yuxi at his time.Bai Juyi was obsessive in poems and often worked day and night for poetry,many poems of his delivered the author's profound realization of life and the Buddhist air.But Bai's poems did not get a high recom...