共同侵权民事责任的新发展

伴随侵权责任由主观责任向客观责任的转变以及侵权法损害填补功能的强化和风险分担的社会化,共同侵权民事责任开始出现不断放宽共同侵权行为的构成要件和过分倚重连带责任以求实现受害人充分救济的两种制度走向。随着人们对侵权法危机的反思,连带责任也开始招致域外学者对其责任基础和责任分担的质疑,共同侵权行为领域的立法和司法上开始呈现出一种民事责任的新的发展趋势,即责任等同于过错。

The New Development of Joint Tort Liability

With the responsibility change in liability from subjectiveness to objectiveness and sociaolization of strengthening of the compensational function of law of tort and the risk sharing, the liability of joint tort starts to show two diverse systems concerning the trend that loosen the control of elements of tort behavior and be over-reliant on the joint liability so as to fully compensate the victim. With reflections on the crisis of joint tort, base of the joint and several liability sharing begin to be questioned by foreign researchers. At the same time, the legislation in the realm of the joint and several liability and jurisdiction began to show a new trend towards civil responsibility, i.e. responsibility means fault.