试论后金（清）与朝鲜开设互市边贸的社会效果

在皇太极后金政权时期以及清朝初年，因地利之便，女真（满洲）人与邻境的朝鲜王朝于图们江地区开设了会宁、庆源边境贸易。互市边贸的开展，对后金（清）地区经济的发展以及东北边防的巩固，都起到了积极的作用；对朝鲜而言，互市边贸则推动了朝鲜货币经济和商品经济的发展，直接促进了朝鲜资本主义萌芽的‘产生与成长。因而，后金（清）与朝鲜之间的互市边贸，具有良好的社会效果。

Social Effects of Border Trade between Later Jin Dynasty and Korea

Border trade between Later Jin Dynasty （Qing Dynasty） ruled by Hung Taiji and Korea was finally permitted in towns of Huining and Qingyuan in Tuman River Valley because of the favorable geographical position. Later Jin Dynasty thus could advance its economy and consolidate the North-eastern frontier while Korea benefited from the exchange of currency and commodities, as directly made its bourgeoisie come into being.