Adolescent emotion regulation trajectories: The influence of parent and friend emotion socialization |
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| Authors: | Molly E. Hale Natalee N. Price Sarah K. Borowski Janice L. Zeman |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA;2. Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA;3. Department of Psychology, Lehigh University, Pennsylvania, Bethlehem, USA;4. Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA |
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| Abstract: | With mounting evidence demonstrating the link between child emotion regulation (ER) and emotion socialization, we conducted a longitudinal study to understand (a) emotion-specific trajectories of adolescent ER and (b) how specific parent and friend emotion socialization strategies impact ER over 4 years. Participants were 209 adolescents (52.5% girls; Mage = 12.66 years; 75.7% White) and their parents. Latent growth curve models identified unique trajectories for anger and sadness/worry regulation. Anger regulation increased across time, whereas sadness/worry regulation remained highly stable longitudinally, lacking variance for growth modeling. Friend emotion socialization emerged as a more salient predictor of anger regulation than parent emotion socialization. Friend reward, override, and punish responses predicted initial levels. Friend punish and parent magnify responses predicted the slope. |
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| Keywords: | adolescence close friends emotion regulation emotion socialization parents |
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