我国宏观经济可持续发展与微观企业绿色竞争力水平关系研究

大自然已经以残酷的现实昭示人类：经济发展的惟一选择是与环境和谐相处,即走可持续发展之路。宏观经济能否得到可持续发展与微观主体企业绿色行为选择之间有着密切联系,而企业是否选择绿色经营取决于这种行为给企业带来的绿色竞争力水平的高低。传统经济学研究企业竞争力时假定企业是一个个同质的＂黑箱＂和＂理性的经济人＂,即通常假定相互竞争的企业生产和销售的产品、服务是完全相同的,而且都以纯粹的经济利润最大化为追求目标。这种假定前提有明显的缺陷,无法解释现实企业绿色竞争力的问题。因此,研究企业绿色竞争力时要提出企业＂社会生态经济人＂的假定,即要求企业在从事经营活动时,正确处理和协调经济、环境和社会效益三者之间的关系,使三者达到统一。企业绿色经营受制于企业本身、市场需求、绿色产业环境、宏观政策环境等因素影响,因此企业绿色竞争优势的根源在于内、外因素的结合,最终表现为企业顾客能力的强弱。

Study on Relationship Between Macroeconomy's Sustainable Development and Micro-enterprises' Green Competitiveness Level in China

The nature has already enlightened humanity by cruel realities that the unique way of economic development is to get along with environment harmoniously,that is,to take the road of sustainable development.There is close relationship between macroeconomy＇s sustainable development and micro-enterprises＇ choice for green behavior,but the main reason for enterprises selecting green operation depends on that this kind of behaviour brings green competitiveness for enterprises.When studying enterprise competitiveness in traditional economics,it is supposed that enterprises are consubstantial ＂black-boxes＂ and ＂rational economic men＂,namely,it is generally assumed that mutually-competiting enterprises have the same rspects in producing and selling products or service,and take the maximization of pure economic profit as their target.Obviously,this hypothetical precondition has certain defects,as it can not give a reasonable explanation for the problem of green competitiveness.Hence,it＇s necessary to bring forward new hypothesis of ＂Economic man of Social Ecology＂ for enterprises when we study green gompetitiveness,that is,enterprises which are engaged in business operations should correctly handle and harmonize the triple relationship among economy,environment and social benefits and make an unification of the three aspects.Enterprises＇ green operation is under the control of many affects such as enterprises themselves,market demand,green industrial environment,macro-policies environment and so on,therefore,the enterprises＇ green competitive advantages result from the combination of internal and external factors and are finally showed as the level of enterprises＇ customer competence.