康德的“智性直观”探微

“智性直观”概念在欧洲大陆理性派那里有其思想来源,康德对该概念的提升和改造在于使之与数学直观割断联系,并赋予了它三层含义一是我们人所不可能具有的一种撇开感官直接直观自在之物的能力,二是作为一种自发的能动性和创造性直接给出对象的能力,三是作为人的感性直观和知性思维所模仿的“原型”的能力,所有这些含义都只是一种逻辑上不矛盾、事实上对于人来说却不可能的假设。康德的智性直观对德国哲学从费希特、谢林、黑格尔、马克思到胡塞尔、海德格尔等人的哲学思想及其发展产生了持续的影响作用。

A Research into Kant's "Intellectual Intuition"

The source of the concept of intellectual intuition is the continental Intellectualism.Kant’s improvement and transformation to this concept lies in splitting it from mathematical intuition and endowing it with three layers of meaning:the first one is a kind of ability that directly intuit the thing in itself independent of our sense.The second one is ,as a sort of spontaneous movement and creativity,an ability to directly create an image.The last one is an ability as an imitated “origin” by human sensitive intuition and intellectual thought.All these meanings are barely a sort of postulates,which is without contradiction in logic,but impossible in actual facts for humanity.Kant’s intellectual intuition has continuous impact on German philosophy,from Fichte,Schelling,Hegel, Marx to Husserl , Heidgger and etc.