试论司马迁的写作意识

司马迁是在有意识地写作一部“究天人之际，通古今之变，成一家之言”的作品。他在《太史公自序》和《报任安书》中详细地总结了自己的写作过程和理论。《太史公自序》则从各方面记载了司马迁作为创作主体的详细情况，这不论在文学史上还是在文论史上都是不可忽视的珍贵资料。在司马迁所处的时代，史家眼里的文学还主要是为人们提供一种道德规范、宇宙哲理，以及历史经验的学术写作活动，但这种观念构成了中国古代对于文学写作认识的一个重要方面，从中或可窥见文学自觉的前奏。

On the writing consciousness of SI Ma-qian

SI Ma-qian is conscious of his writing about human and history.He sums up his writing practice and theory in ShiJi's perface.There is a detailed report about SI Ma-qian as a creative writer.In the period of West-Handynasty,literature is an academic writing which provides some morality,philosophy and history experience.It is different from today's idea about literarure,but forms an important part of literature concept in our ancient times.It is also a prelude to consciousness of litera-ture.