颂父与渎父:自审亦他审——明清家族小说审父母题的双向理路

明清家族小说的审父母题一方面基于父辈的忧思,肯定传统父性文明的正面价值,呈现颂父倾向;另一方面,以子辈的叛逆视角将父亲隐退或是正面作用弱化,甚至审丑化处理,在父子冲突中呈现渎父倾向。这种颂父与渎父并非二元对立的形态,而是父与子的对视、他审和自审的互审式结构形态,在否定中的肯定和肯定中的否定的过程中重构理想和希望。

Ode or Blasphemy to Father Generation: Examination of Self and Others the Mutual Direction to Father on Trial Moti{ in Saga Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties

There is an intensely observed history of father on trial motif in saga novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.On the one hand,it is on the basis of the father generation’s worry,and aims to affirm the positive values of the traditional patriarchal civilization,which symbolizes the ode to father generation;on the other hand,it is on the basis of the son generation’s rebellion,and aims to let the father generation retreat and to weaken their positive roles,or even to uglify them,which leads to the blasphemy to the father generation in generation gap conflict.The motif of ode and blasphemy to father generation is different from binary opposition,but mutual examination between father generation and son generation,as well as between examinations of others and self-question.During the process of negative positiveness and positive negativeness,hopes and dreams are rebuilt.