论中国古代美学中的社会美与人格美

先秦儒家已具有明确的积极的社会美与人格美意识,其代表性语词是“里仁为美”与“成人之美”。社会美以“仁”为核心,家庭和乐、上下人际关系和谐,百姓丰衣足食,“天下大同”是美之极致。人格美,不同于道家以“柔”为人格之本,主张刚柔相济并以刚(“刚”、“勇”、“直”、“敏”)为主导,因此而有孟子提倡的正气浩然的“大丈夫”人格与荀子理想中的“全”而“粹”的“至文”人格。

On the Social Ethics and Human Dignity Expressed in China's Ancient Aesthetics

Confucianists before the Qin Dynasty were well aware of social ethics and human dignity. Social ethics took 'benevolence' as its core concept, and harmonious family life, concerted interpersonal relations, well-fed and well-clothed people, and 'Great Harmony' were signs of top beauty; human dignity, different from 'softness' proposed by Taoism, focused on a combination of inflexibility and unyielding with inflexibility as the dominant. As a result, there existed the awe-inspiring 'real man' proposed by Mencius and 'complete' and 'pure' 'top refinement' idealized by Xunzi.