论明清时期农业经济的发展与制约——与战国秦汉和唐宋时期的比较

本文针对中外学术界对明清时期经济发展估计过高的观点提出了不同看法。文章通过对明清时期与战国秦汉、唐宋时期的农业生产和流通的诸方面进行比较后认为,明清时期经济的发展主要表现在广度上,但由于存在一些根本性的制约因素,农业劳动生产率呈现停滞或下降。文章还试图对明清时期商品经济在农业劳动生产率停滞的条件下比前代有超越性发展的“悸论”作出解释,认为明清时期商品经济并没有真正割断其自然经济的脐带,脱离封建地主制经济的发展轨道,因而也没有能够导致“市场经济”或资本主义生产方式的建立。

Agricultural Development and Restrictions in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

This thesis puts forward some opposite opinions that economy in the Ming and Qing Dynasties developed to a higher level. In fact, the Ming and Qing economy was large in areas, but its agricultural production stopped or lagged behind compared with the economy in the Warring States Period and the Qin, the Han and the late Tang Dynasties. In addition, economy in the Ming and Qing Dynasties didn't belong to market or capitalist economy but to feudal economy.