试论康德美学的先验转向--兼就目的性原理的形成与邓晓芒先生商榷

国内学术界论述审美判断力与目的论判断力的内在关系以及自然的合目的性原理的形成问题时,常常从其哲学体系出发,把目的论判断力作为审美判断力的“衍生物”,把自然的合目的性原理看作由审美判断力提供的。这是一种未经历史分析的独断。通过康德美学先验转向的历史分析,可以说明康德是如何通过目的论的研究为审美判断力寻找到了先验的原理———目的性原理,从而澄清学术界对于康德美学中目的论的认识。

On the Transcendental Turn of Kant's Aesthetic Theory

In the present Chinese research of the relationship between aesthetic judgment and teleological judgment and the formation of the principle of purposefulness of nature in Kant's philosophy,the teleological judgment is usually considered a ramification of the aesthetic judgment,and purposefulness of nature is seen as provided by aesthetic judgment.This article holds,however,that this point of view is a kind of dogmatism without any sound historical analysis.Based on the historical analysis of Kant's transcendental turn,the author of this article tries to illuminate how Kant,through his teleological research,finds for his aesthetic judgment a transcendental principle,the principle of the purposefulness of nature,clarifying therefore the understanding of the academic circles of the Kantian teleology.