生成语法理论与主宾语的识别

主语和宾语是谓词题元结构和句法操作结果的表征,识别主宾语必须从语义和句法两个层面展开.题元关系体现动词和主宾语的语义选择关系,宾语必须受动词题元管辖.功能词类的形态特征核查驱动一切句法操作:T的EPP特征,Tr的格特征必须得到核查,[Spec,TP]为句法层面的主语位置.现代英语中,时态句T的EPP特征强,主语必须显性出现.现代汉语中,T的EPP有强弱之分,允许主语以显性和隐形两种方式出现.

Identifying the subject and object in generative grammar

The subject and object are representations of the argument structure and syntactic operations;hence identification of them should be carried out at the semantic and syntactic levels.Theta relations represent S-selection between V and its subject and object,with the object being theta-governed by V.All syntactic operations are motivated by the morphological necessity of the functional categories: among them,EPP feature of T,accusative case feature of Tr must be checked,the derived [Spec,TP]is the subject position.In modern English,the subject must be overt since EPP feature of T is always strong in tensed clauses.In mandarin Chinese,the subject may be either overt or covert,since T has weak and strong forms.