会话中有意沉默的语用理解

在会话交流中，交际者会出于个人内在的或外在的原因有意选择沉默，有意沉默的意义及其理解具有模糊和多元性的特点。从会话结构的角度来看，有意沉默标记着不合意应答；从面子论来看，有意沉默可以维护交际双方的正反面子；以关联理论为依据进行分析，有意沉默能够传递信息意图与交际意图，提供语境信息，帮助获得语境效果。总之，对有意沉默的有效解读需要语用学相关理论的互补性合作。

Pragmatic Understanding of Intentional Silence in Conversation

Participants in the interaction will choose to be silent intentionally for internal or external considerations. The meaning and interpretation of intentional silence is vague and multi-dimensional. In the light of conversational organization, silence is the dispreferred second part. Face theory helps to explain how intentional silence can maintain the positive and negative face of both parties in the conversation. Revelance Theory helps to explain the informative and communicative intention conveyed by intentional silence,which offers contexual information useful in obtaining contexual effects. In short, an-insight into intentional silence needs the complementary cooperation of relevant pragmatic theories.