新农合：实施绩效、发展制约与制度改进路径

2003年以来，新型农村合作医疗取得了阶段性绩效：农村医保体制基本建立且保障水平逐渐上升，农村居民参合率与覆盖面逐年增加，受益面逐渐扩大，基层医疗卫生资源得以有效利用。存在的发展障碍：合作医疗模式制约可持续性，长期稳定的筹资机制尚未建立，管理人员与费用严重不足，对定点医疗机构缺乏制度性约束，农村特殊群体的医疗保障有待加强，乡镇卫生院服务能力薄弱，制度实施缺乏法律保障等。进而提出了制度改进路径：构建住院统筹与门诊统筹结合的医疗模式，完善新农合运行机制，构建多层次医疗保障体系，以倾斜政策加快农村医疗基础设施建设，建立健全相关法律法规。

New Rural Cooperative Medical Treatment System:the Achievement Evidences,Development Constraints and System Improvement Paths

The new rural cooperative medical treatment system starting in 2003 has achieved periodical achievements: the rural medical insurance system has been basically completed and its guarantee level has been accelerated progressively;the rate of peasants' participation and the coverage of the new system has both been increased year by year;the coverage of cooperative medical treatment beneficiaries has been expanded;and the basic level medical and sanitary resources are utilized efficiently.Nevertheless,there ar...