有机马克思主义的理论创新与主要缺陷

有机马克思主义的理论创新主要表现在,明确提出要以社会主义生态文明超越和替代资本主义现代工业文明,中国有可能率先在世界上实现并引领生态文明;明确提出文化嵌入式的马克思主义观,坚持马克思主义应当与时俱进,解决时代提出的问题;生态文明社会应坚持以共同福祉为目标的经济模式等。其主要理论缺陷则在于自称超越经典马克思主义,宣称经典马克思主义是“现代马克思主义”,有独断之嫌且言过其实;仅仅把怀特海过程哲学当作自己的哲学基础有失偏狭,也失去了唯物史观的强力支撑;指责马克思不加修改地接受了黑格尔的决定论历史观,不符合事实;坚持用有机教育等方式取代资本主义私有制,具有明显的乌托邦色彩。马克思主义中国化研究既要借鉴有机马克思主义的合理思想,也要特别注意克服其理论上的严重缺陷。

Theoretical Innovation and Main Defects of Organic Marxism

The theoretical innovation of organic Marxism mainly shows that it is necessary to surpass and replace the Modern industrial civilization of capitalism with socialist ecological civilization, and that it is possible for China to take the lead in realizing and leading the ecological civilization in the world. It puts forward the concept of culture embedded Marxism, insisting that Marxism should advance with the times and solve the issues raised by the times. It also insists that ecologically civilized society should adhere to the economic model aiming at realizing the common well-being. Its main theoretical shortcoming is that it claims that organic Marxism has surpassed the classic Marxism and that the classic Marxism is "modern Marxism". This statement is dogmatic and exaggerated. It is one-sided to take Whitehead''s Process Philosophy as the only philosophical basis of organic Marxism, which also leads to the loss the strong support from historical materialism. It is not true to accuse Marxism of accepting Hegel''s deterministic view of history without modification, and it remains a utopia to replace the capitalist private ownership with the so-called organic education. In the study of Marxism with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to draw on the rational thoughts of organic Marxism and pay special attention to overcoming its serious theoretical defects.