散文理论“文以载道”模式及其在小说理论中的化用

文与道的关系几乎是中国古代文学理论中最重要的问题，“文以载道”成为普遍应用的思维模式。小说理论以散文理论为母体，既借鉴其概念术语，又移植其观念模式。散文理论的文以载道模式也影响到小说理论，并成为小说理论的核心理念。散文理论文以载道模式的着重点是道，而小说理论文以载道的关注重点却是文，将儒家道德伦理观念之“道”泛化为有益于世道人心的思想观念。借助这种模式，“文”假“道”威，提升通俗小说的社会地位。持此论调的小说理论家们对小说独有的审美特点和艺术规律关注不够。

Mode of Writing for Conveying Truth in Prose Theory and Its Function for the Fiction Theory

Relationship between the text and the moral is almost the most important issue of Chinese ancient literature theory. Writing for conveying truth becomes the universal application of the mode of thinking. Theory of fiction followed prose theory, both brought the latter＇s concept and transplanted its mindset. Mode of writing for conveying truth of prose theory also affects the fiction theory and becomes the core concept. The mode of prose theory focuses on conveying truth, the other are for text, i.e. generali- zation the Confucian ethics of ＂Tao＂ to the beneficial ideas of the world and human Being. With model of writing for conveying truth, the popular novels enhance its social status. But the novel theorists holding this view do not attach enough important to the novel unique aesthetic characteristics and artistic rule.