美国与《联合国海洋法公约》

《联合国海洋法公约》是迄今为止最广泛、最全面、最有影响的管理和规范海洋活动的国际公约,已经并将继续对国际政治、经济和社会产生重大影响。美国虽然积极参与了《公约》的谈判和制订,但时至今日仍未批准《公约》,令人费解。本文回顾了美国与《联合国海洋法公约》的渊源,通过《公约》对于美国国家利益关联性的论述,探究美国未批准加入《公约》的缘由。本文认为,随着国际海洋形势和美国自身实力等因素的不断变化,美国出于自身利益考虑,批准《公约》是大势所趋。美国一旦批准《公约》,必将附加对其更加有利的额外声明、条件等,对此,我们应予以关注。

The United States and United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea （UNCLOS） is easily the most extensive, compre hensive and influential international convention for administration and standardization of the oceanic activities. UNCLOS and has already exerted and will continue to exert significant influence on the international politics, economy and society. The United States has been actively involved in the negotiation and formulation of UNCLOS. However, it is difficult to understand why the US has not ratified the convention so far. This paper reviews the historical connections between the US and the UNCLOS and the importance of UNCLOS to the national interests of the USo This paper makes researches on the causes of US＇ s giving no greenlight to the UNCLOS and thinks that as the international marine situation and US strength itself witness constant changing, it is inevitable the US will ratify the UNCLOS out of its own interests. But even if it did so, US is sure to attach some additional declarations and conditions which are even more favorable to the US. China＇s relevant agencies are required to be concerned.