杨万里与周必大交谊考论

杨万里是南宋著名的文学家，为“中兴四大家”之一；周必大是南宋著名的政治家、文人和学者。绍兴二十年（1150），两人同时参加庐陵解试并获得解额，此为两人交往之始。入仕后，杨万里和周必大游宦各地，难以相见，两人多以书信交往。隆兴年间，周必大贬归庐陵，杨万里父亲病逝，回庐陵丁忧。二人在家乡相见。乾道六年（1170），杨万里赴任奉新县宰，由是分别。其后，两人各自宦海浮沉，甚难相见。绍熙三年（1192），杨万里辞知赣州回到庐陵，此后便一直居住于此，直到开禧二年（1206）去逝。绍熙五年（1194），周必大辞知潭州亦回到庐陵，直到嘉泰四年（1204）去逝。在晚居庐陵的十几年中，他们交往甚密，既经常互访，又频繁书启往来，还共同关爱后辈。这段交谊被传为佳话，以致被时人誉为“庐陵二老”。

A Survey of the Friendship between Yang Wanli and Zhou Bida

Yang WanLi was a famous man-of-letters in Southern Song Dynasty and one of the four literati in that time; Zhou Bida was also a renowned statesman, literateur and scholar in the same period. In the 20th year of Shaoxing Reign （1150 A.D.） both the figures participated in and passed the imperial examination held in. Luling, from which on began their life-long friendship. Since their service in the bureaucracy system, Yang Wanli and Zho Bida stationed in different locations and seldom met, so their communications were most via letters. In the years of Longxing Reign, Zhou Bida was degraded to service in Luling, and Yang Wanli went back there for his father＇s wake, by chance of which they met in their hometown. In the 6th year of Qiandao Reign （1170 A.D.） , Yang Wanli went to service as governor of Fengxin County, thus the friends departed and missed for years. In the 3rd year of Shaoxi Reign . （1192 A.D.） , Yang Wanli retired and went back to Luling, and lived there for the rest of his life. In the 5th year of Shaoxi Reign （1194 A.D.） , Zhou Bida retired and went back too, also lived in the hometown until his death in 1204 A.D. During their last years in Luling, the friends had close communications, both personally and by letters. They joined the care of children＇s education and development. They as a unit was called by their contemporaries as ＂two sages of Luling＂ , and their friendship have been a tale.