中国民办高校内部治理形式及国际比较

我国民办高校的规范治理形式以董事会制定决策和校长执行决策为基本特征。但由于利益机制的作用,出现了各种利益关系组合,反映了民办高校由利益团体掌控的本质,其外在的表现形式是组织的公益性弱、寻利性强。本文通过对法律文本和调研资料的分析了论证了一个命题,即中国民办高校行为治理结构的利益团体控制特征,是由外部制度的规范性(法律对于民办高校组织属性的模糊界定)和资源获得的单一性(主要依靠学费)特征所决定的。同时采用"理想类型"比较方法,分析和归纳了美国私立高校治理的"外部人控制"形式、日本私立高校治理的"内部人控制"形式和中国民办高校治理的"利益团体控制"形式。

Analysis of the Interior Administrative Form of the Chinese Non-governmental Institutions of Higher Learning

Our non-governmental institutions of higher learning are an organizational form that develops in the specific social background and in the social transitional period.The standardized administrative form of nongovernmental institutions of higher learning is basically characterized by decision-making by the board of directors and execution by the president.But behind the relatively harmonious and standardized administrative form,there emerge various kinds of combinations in interests because of the interest mechanism,reflecting the nature that non-governmental institutions of higher learning are controlled by interest groups.Their exterior manifestation is weak in public interests but strong in seeking for profits.Based on the analysis of legal texts and data collected in investigation,the paper proves a proposition,i.e.the characteristics that the behavioral administrative structure of Chinese non-governmental institutions of higher learning is controlled by interest groups is decided by the standardization of exterior systems(The organizational attribute of non-governmental institutions of higher learning is ambiguously defined by the law.) and unitary acquisition of resources(Depend mainly on tuitions).To reveal the administrative features of Chinese non-governmental institutions of higher learning and the general relationship of the influence of systems,environment and expenses over the administrative form of non-governmental institutions of higher learning,the paper,by employing the "ideal" comparative method,analyses and induces the form of "controlling by exterior personnel" in the administration of US private institutions of higher learning,the form of "controlling by interior personnel" in the administration of Japanese private institutions of higher learning and the form of "controlling by interest groups" in the administration of Chinese non-governmental institutions of higher learning.