共同安全视角下核事故应急的国际法规制分析

为了从国际法视角探索当前全球核电安全保障的合理性的问题,文章通过文献分析法、法律文本分析法和案例分析法,对当前核电领域的核应急法律规制问题进行了分析。研究认为,核应急日益成为核安全保障和国家安全发展以及人类共同安全的重要一环,但从国际法规制层面看,存在着法律责任不明确、条约强制力不足、国际合作不紧密、争端解决机制不健全等缺陷。结合核事故应急实践,国际社会应该强化核应急立法执法的安全文化理念、明确缔约国责任、加强国际合作和条约的可操作性、推进争端解决机制多元化、立法组建国际应急救援联合队伍。

Analysis on International Regulations of Nuclear Accident Emergency from the Perspective of Common Security

In order to explore whether the current global nuclear power security is reasonable or not from the perspective of international law, the current legal regulation of nuclear emergency in the field of nuclear power is analyzed through literature analysis, legal texts analysis and case analysis. According to the research results, nuclear emergency has increasingly become an important part of nuclear security, national security development and human common security. However, from the perspective of international laws and regulations, there are unclear legal responsibilities, insufficient coercive force of treaties, lack of close international cooperation, and imperfect disputes settlement mechanism. The conclusion is that, combined with the practice of nuclear accident emergency response, the international community should strengthen the safety culture concept of nuclear emergency legislation and law enforcement, clarify the responsibilities of contracting parties, strengthen international cooperation and the operability of treaties, promote the diversification of dispute settlement mechanisms, and legislate to form an international emergency rescue team.