三国时期西部农业开发述论

三国时期 ,曹魏控制西北 ,蜀汉占据西南 ,两国主要在西部地区争战 ,粮草供给成为决定胜负的关键因素 ,为此双方都采取了恢复和发展粮食生产的措施。曹魏在西部一些适宜农业的战略要地大兴屯田 ,开发关陇、稳定河西 ,每年收获大量谷物供给军粮 ,以守为攻 ,迎战蜀军 ;蜀汉占据西南之后 ,诸葛亮注意处理好民族关系 ,发挥当地的农业资源优势 ,劝农积谷。为了解决北伐运粮的困难 ,还在汉中及渭水南岸一些地区设置少量屯田。不同的农业开发措施与双方的治乱胜败有很大关系。

On Agricultural Development of the Western Region in the Period of Three Kingdoms

In the period of Three Kingdoms,while the Cao Wei dominated the northwest region of China , the Shu Han controled the southwest region.The Cao Wei kingdom and the Shu Han kingdom fought one another mainly in the Western region of China the food supply for the army was the key factor to victory. therefore both sides adopted some measures to resume and develop agriculture. To develop the Guan Long area and stabilize the Gansu Corridor, the Cao Wei kingdom went in for agricultural development by militrary forces in a large scale in certain strategic places fit for agriculture to ensure sufficient food supply for army, and to effectively defend the Shu Han army. After the Shu Han held the Southwestern region, Zhu GeLiang(prime minister and military counsellor of Shu Han Kingdom)made great effort to deal well with the minorities there and made good use of the superiority of local agricultural resources and advised farmers on growing grains. In order to solve the problem of the food transportation for the northward expedition, the Shu Han set up relatively limited agricultural plot cultivated by military forces in some areas of the Hanzhong area and the south of Wei River.Because both sides adopted different policies for agricultural development, the long term impact could be seen on the final result of the struggle.